Federal Reserve

The U.S. central bank. Its quarterly projection materials summarize participating policymakers’ median outlooks.

Government · United StatesWashington, D.C.4 reports19 figuresInstitution website ↗

What they changed their mind about

3 revisions
2025-06-18U.S. real GDP growth 2025 Q4 · Q4/Q41.7%1.4%
2025-06-18U.S. unemployment rate 2025 Q4 · Q4 average4.4%4.5%
2025-06-18U.S. headline PCE inflation 2025 Q4 · Q4/Q42.7%3.0%

Federal funds rate

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PeriodReportedForecast
2025 Q4“| Federal funds rate | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.9–4.4 | 3.1–3.9 | 2.9–3.6 | 2.6–3.6 | 3.6–4.4 | 2.6–4.1 | 2.6–3.9 | 2.5–3.9 |” — Table 1, Federal funds rate, median row, 2025 column · source ↗2025-06-183.9
2026 Q4“| Federal funds rate | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.9–4.4 | 3.1–3.9 | 2.9–3.6 | 2.6–3.6 | 3.6–4.4 | 2.6–4.1 | 2.6–3.9 | 2.5–3.9 |” — Table 1, Federal funds rate, median row, 2026 column · source ↗2025-06-183.6
2027 Q4“| Federal funds rate | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.9–4.4 | 3.1–3.9 | 2.9–3.6 | 2.6–3.6 | 3.6–4.4 | 2.6–4.1 | 2.6–3.9 | 2.5–3.9 |” — Table 1, Federal funds rate, median row, 2027 column · source ↗2025-06-183.4

U.S. core PCE inflation

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PeriodReportedForecast
2025 Q4“| Core PCE inflation [4](#xt1p1f4) | 3.1 | 2.4 | 2.1 |   | 2.9–3.4 | 2.3–2.7 | 2.0–2.2 |   | 2.5–3.5 | 2.1–3.2 | 2.0–2.9 |   |” — Table 1, Core PCE inflation, median row, 2025 column · source ↗2025-06-183.1
2026 Q4“| Core PCE inflation [4](#xt1p1f4) | 3.1 | 2.4 | 2.1 |   | 2.9–3.4 | 2.3–2.7 | 2.0–2.2 |   | 2.5–3.5 | 2.1–3.2 | 2.0–2.9 |   |” — Table 1, Core PCE inflation, median row, 2026 column · source ↗2025-06-182.4
2027 Q4“| Core PCE inflation [4](#xt1p1f4) | 3.1 | 2.4 | 2.1 |   | 2.9–3.4 | 2.3–2.7 | 2.0–2.2 |   | 2.5–3.5 | 2.1–3.2 | 2.0–2.9 |   |” — Table 1, Core PCE inflation, median row, 2027 column · source ↗2025-06-182.1

U.S. headline PCE inflation

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PeriodReportedForecast
2025 Q4“PCE inflation 3.0” — Table 1 · 2025 median · source ↗2025-06-183.0%
2026 Q4“| PCE inflation | 3.0 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.8–3.2 | 2.3–2.6 | 2.0–2.2 | 2.0 | 2.5–3.3 | 2.1–3.1 | 2.0–2.8 | 2.0 |” — Table 1, PCE inflation, median row, 2026 column · source ↗2025-06-182.4
2027 Q4“| PCE inflation | 3.0 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.8–3.2 | 2.3–2.6 | 2.0–2.2 | 2.0 | 2.5–3.3 | 2.1–3.1 | 2.0–2.8 | 2.0 |” — Table 1, PCE inflation, median row, 2027 column · source ↗2025-06-182.1
2025 Q4“PCE inflation 2.7” — Table 1, page 2 · 2025 median · source ↗2025-03-192.7%

U.S. real GDP growth

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PeriodReportedForecast
2025 Q4“Change in real GDP 1.4” — Table 1 · 2025 median · source ↗2025-06-181.4%
2026 Q4“| Change in real GDP | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.2–1.5 | 1.5–1.8 | 1.7–2.0 | 1.7–2.0 | 1.1–2.1 | 0.6–2.5 | 0.6–2.5 | 1.5–2.5 |” — Table 1, Change in real GDP, median row, 2026 column · source ↗2025-06-181.6
2027 Q4“| Change in real GDP | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.2–1.5 | 1.5–1.8 | 1.7–2.0 | 1.7–2.0 | 1.1–2.1 | 0.6–2.5 | 0.6–2.5 | 1.5–2.5 |” — Table 1, Change in real GDP, median row, 2027 column · source ↗2025-06-181.8
2025 Q4“Change in real GDP 1.7” — Table 1, page 2 · 2025 median · source ↗2025-03-191.7%

U.S. unemployment rate

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PeriodReportedForecast
2025 Q4“Unemployment rate 4.5” — Table 1 · 2025 median · source ↗2025-06-184.5%
2025 Q4“| Unemployment rate | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.4–4.5 | 4.3–4.6 | 4.2–4.6 | 4.0–4.3 | 4.3–4.6 | 4.3–4.7 | 4.0–4.7 | 3.5–4.5 |” — Table 1, Unemployment rate, median row, 2025 column · source ↗2025-06-184.5
2026 Q4“| Unemployment rate | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.4–4.5 | 4.3–4.6 | 4.2–4.6 | 4.0–4.3 | 4.3–4.6 | 4.3–4.7 | 4.0–4.7 | 3.5–4.5 |” — Table 1, Unemployment rate, median row, 2026 column · source ↗2025-06-184.5
2027 Q4“| Unemployment rate | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.4–4.5 | 4.3–4.6 | 4.2–4.6 | 4.0–4.3 | 4.3–4.6 | 4.3–4.7 | 4.0–4.7 | 3.5–4.5 |” — Table 1, Unemployment rate, median row, 2027 column · source ↗2025-06-184.4
2025 Q4“Unemployment rate 4.4” — Table 1, page 2 · 2025 median · source ↗2025-03-194.4%